The intestinal tract represents the most common site of extragenital endometriosis, with rectosigmoid disease accounting for 70–93% of extragenital endometriotic implants . Bowel endometriosis is currently defined as the presence of endometrial‐like glands and stroma infiltrating the bowel...

Down syndrome is characterized by specific facial features such as a flat face and a small nose. Continuous technical improvements in ultrasound techniques have enabled optimal visualization of these features which, in turn, have evolved into markers currently used as screening tools for the detection...

A specialist discusses the factors influencing attendance rates for breast screening, and how these rates can be optimized.

An observational study of a consecutive case series of pre-viable PPROM (16-24 gestational weeks) was performed between 2001 and 2007 in a single tertiary centre to identify factors that predict neonatal survival. Methods Detailed obstetric, ultrasound and neonatal data were ed from clinical records....

Abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint in pregnant patients. Non-obstetrical surgery is fairly uncommon and is estimated to complicate 0.2% of pregnancies. Suspected acute appendicitis is the most common indication for surgical intervention during pregnancy, with...

The Dutch nationwide breast cancer screening programme was introduced in 1989 and fully implemented in 1997. Originally, the target population consisted of women aged 50-69 but in 1998 the upper age limit was raised to 75 . Every 2 years, eligible women are invited for mammographic screening....

Why are some afraid of scanning the fetal central nervous system (CNS)? There is no easy answer to this. Perhaps it brings back memories of their medical school days, when neurology and neuroanatomy were challenging subjects.clarification...

In the normal aortic arch branching pattern, the right subclavian artery arises from the innominate artery. In a rarer variant, this vessel arises independently as a fourth vessel of the aortic arch, courses behind the trachea and then turns towards the right shoulder. The anomalous course has resulted...

Neonatal weight is an important predictive parameter of neonatal outcome, and its estimation is valuable in planning the mode of delivery and obstetric management of labor . Also, when dealing with anticipated preterm delivery, perinatal counseling on likelihood of survival, the intervention undertaken...

Although G‐band karyotyping is the predominant technique for prenatal diagnosis of karyotypic abnormalities, most chromosome banding techniques are time‐consuming, and are limited to a resolution of 10 Mb. Molecular cytogenetic techniques such as fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH),...

Early and accurate detection of fetal growth failure is important for prenatal and early postnatal care [, ]. Small size for gestational age fetuses are at increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. It has also been suggested that fetal growth restriction is associated with cardiovascular...

Twin pregnancies comprise approximately 1–2% of all conceptions and are continuing to increase in frequency because of assisted reproductive technologies and advancing maternal age1, 2. Multiple pregnancies are scanned frequently because of the increased risk for discordant anomalies, aneuploidy...

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality, affecting 4 to 13 of 1000 live births (Hoffman, 2002). Its prenatal diagnosis allows for better pregnancy counseling (Volpe et al., 2003; Yates, 2004) and improved neonatal outcome (Bonnet et al., 1999).round-shaped...

Cardiosplenic syndromes are complex multiorgan conditions defined by the arrangement of the thoracic and abdominal viscera across the left–right axis1, 2. In left isomerism, there are paired left-sided viscera while the right-sided viscera may be absent, and in right isomerism, there are paired...

The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHc) is a mitochondrial matrix multienzyme complex that catalyzes the irreversible oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate forming acetyl-CoA; this process plays a significant regulatory role in mitochondrial energy metabolism.1 The PDHc is composed of seven gene products...

Limb reduction defects are relatively uncommon congenital malformations.1, 2 The reported incidence is approximately 3.5–6.9 per 10,000 births with a prenatal detection rate of 55%, although this varies considerably depending on the population studied.3–5roducts...

Newly published evidence and specialist opinion on the role of MR-HIFU in the management of women with fibroids.

The director of a center’s breast cancer program describes the benefits of addressing both the physical and emotional needs of patients.

Listen to Dr Nick Perry of the London Breast Institute report on 11 years of experience with digital mammography in this audio interview conducted exclusively for GetInsideHealth on 23 March 2011.

Abstract

Ablation Without Fluoroscopy in Pregnancy.
Background Management of symptomatic atrial arrhythmia in pregnancy remains a challenge. In this case report, a pregnant woman with incessant tachycardia underwent successful left atrial ablation. The entire procedure was performed without fluoroscopy.

Abstract

Background A study was undertaken to investigate the detection of relapse and survival outcomes in patients with cervical cancer treated with curative intent chemoradiotherapy, and evaluated with a post-therapy ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scan.

Abstract

Background Fat transfer to healthy breasts, that is, in women with no history of breast disease, particularly breast cancer, is becoming increasingly popular. The main issue remains whether the transfer of fat cells to the native breast hampers breast imaging. This pilot study aimed to assess the effectiveness of radiographic evaluation after breast lipomodeling and to propose objective elements for the detection of mammographic signs, and for postoperative evaluation of breast density and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (American College of Radiology) classification.

Abstract

Introduction The evaluation of breast symptoms during pregnancy or lactation can be challenging but prompt, appropriate assessment of symptoms may lead to earlier cancer detection.

Abstract

Background   Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in breast cancer requires optimized imaging systems and lymphatic tracers.

Purpose   The objective of this study was to identify features of preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans that can best predict outcomes of primary cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer patients.

Abstract

Mammographic density (MD), a strong marker of breast cancer risk, is influenced by genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. Cadmium, a persistent and widespread environmental pollutant, has been associated with risk of breast cancer, and laboratory evidence suggests cadmium is a carcinogen in the breast.

Why are current guidelines on the management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) "not yet fit for women"? Why should postmenopausal women be routinely assessed for CVD? Dr Janneke Wittekoek answers these and other questions in this video interview conducted exclusively for GetInsideHealth in March 2011.

The importance of considering quality of life in women with gynecologic cancer.

Recent developments have highlighted the continuing and growing importance of considering quality of life (QoL) in women with cancer, and gynaecologic cancer in particular.

Abstract

Objective We evaluated the neuropsychological outcome of children with proven congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and normal consecutive fetal neurosonographic examinations.

Abstract

Objectives To prospectively compare clinical breast examination, mammography, ultrasonography, and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a multicenter surveillance of high-risk women.

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to present our results of the sonographic measurement of the fetal iliac angle during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.

Abstract

Mammographic density (MD) adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI) is a strong heritable breast cancer risk factor; however, its biological basis remains elusive. Previous studies assessed MD-associated histology using random sampling approaches, despite evidence that high and low MD areas exist within a breast and are negatively correlated with respect to one another.

Abstract

Objective  Appendicitis is the most common surgical emergency in pregnancy. Acute appendicitis is often difficult to diagnose clinically, and concerns regarding antenatal CT imaging limit its use resulting in high false negative rates at laparotomy. MRI has recently been reported as a reasonable alternative to CT imaging in cases of suspected appendicitis. Our objective was to perform a meta-analysis of recently published data regarding the utility of MR imaging in cases of antenatal suspected acute appendicitis.

Background and Objectives: Radiation dermatitis occurs in a majority of patients with breast cancer who receive radiation therapy (RT), causes significant pain, and may necessitate treatment delay. Light emitting diode (LED) photomodulation has been reported to minimize radiation dermatitis. This study sought to further evaluate the efficacy of LED photomodulation in lessening radiation dermatitis.

Objectives: To prospectively determine the feasibility of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with fibre tractography as a tool for the three-dimensional (3D) visualisation of normal pelvic floor anatomy.

Background   Twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence (TRAP) is a rare complication in multifetal monochorionic pregnancies in which a normal “pump” twin provides circulation to an abnormal acardiac co-twin, resulting in high-output cardiac dysfunction in the pump twin.

Purpose of review To describe the current role of radiation therapy and specific types of radiation therapy used in the management of early stage, locoregionally advanced, and metastatic breast cancer.

Introduction. Over the past two decades, an expanding body of research has examined women's and men's genital self‐image. Support for the reliability and validity of the 7‐item Female Genital Self‐Image Scale (FGSIS) has been found in a convenience sample of women.

In the recent 2009 update of the FIGO staging for cervical cancer, while diagnostic imaging to assess primary tumour size was not made mandatory, it was encouraged. Especially in the early stages of cervical cancer, lymph node metastasis is an indicator of poor prognosis, with the status of the para-aortic lymph nodes being considered perhaps the most important prognostic factor.² While lymph nodal assessment was also not included in the updated FIGO staging, the FIGO committee did also encourage the use of imaging techniques to evaluate lymph node status.

In the assessment of osteoporosis, the most widely used technique is measurement of BMDa using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).² In post-menopausal women and men over the age of 50 years, the WHO FRAX algorithm has been introduced to quantify the 10-year probability of a hip or major osteoporotic fracture, taking into account a number of factors including femoral neck BMD, gender, body mass index, prior fractures, and history of parental hip fractures.³

“This work is quite a novel approach in that success of screening is usually measured in terms of reduction in mortality from breast cancer,” said Nicholas Perry, MD, of The London Breast Institute, London, UK. “We are not aware of any other studies in this age group comparing success in terms of breast preservation,” he added.

In their study, Dr. Perry and colleagues compared mastectomy rates following breast cancer diagnosis at a UK center in women aged 40-50 with a prior mammogram within the previous year to those with longer interval or no previous mammography.